Assessment of the effectiveness of two marine reserves in the Canary Islands (eastern Atlantic)

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F Tuya
C García-Diez
F Espino
RJ Haroun

Abstract

Evaluamos la efectividad de dos reservas marinas (RMs) de las Islas Canarias (Atlantico oriental): "Punta La Restinga-Mar de Las Calmas" (Isla El Hierro) e "Isla La Graciosa e islotes del norte de Lanzarote" (Archipielago Chinijo). Concretamente, estudiamos las diferencias en abundancia y biomasa de cuatro especies icticas de interes comercial: la vieja (Sparisoma cretense), el abae (Mycteroperca fusca), el sargo blanco (Diplodus sargus cadenati) y el sargo breado (Diplodus cervinus cervinus). Seleccionamos cuatro categorias de gestion por RM: (1) la reserva integral (todo explotacion prohibida), (2) "la zona de usos tradicionales" (se permiten artes de pesca tradicional), (3) "Area Vecina" (area sin restriccion pesquera <20 km), e (4) categoria de gestion en ambas zonas, en octubre y marzo de 2004. Las pruebas univariantes mostraron un moderado "efecto reserva" para ambas RMs, consistente en el tiempo. Las diferencias de abundancia y biomasa de cada especie entre las categorias de gestion resultaron claramente especificas para cada especie, y diferentes entre ambas RMs. Las especies del genero Diplodus mostraron abundancias y biomasas superiores dentro de la RM en comparacion con las areas no protegidas en la Isla El Hierro. Ademas, las cuatro especies seleccionadas resultaron superiores en abundancia y biomasa total en todas las localidades estudiadas en la Isla El Hierro en comparacion con localidades explotadas en la isla vecina. Sin embargo, S. cretense resulto ser la unica especie beneficiada por la proteccion establecida en la RM de "Isla La Graciosa e islotes del norte de Lanzarote". Posiblemente los tamaños de la RMs, el esfuerzo pesquero alrededor de las RMs, y la eficacia de la vigilancia en las RMs, sean algunas de las posibles razones de los patrones observados.

We assessed the effectiveness of two marine reserves (MRs) in the Canary Islands (eastern Atlantic), called "Punta La Restinga-Mar de Las Calmas" (El Hierro Island) and "Isla La Graciosa e islotes del norte de Lanzarote" (Chinijo Archipelago). Specifically, we evaluated the variability in the abundances and biomasses of four commercially-targeted fish species: the parrotfish (Sparisoma cretense), the island grouper (Mycteroperca fusca), the white sea-bream (Diplodus sargus cadenati) and the zebra sea-bream Diplodus cervinus cervinus) Four fishing managemente categories were established within and around each MR: (1) a no-take or integral area (collection of all animals is nor permitted), (2) a buffer area (fishing is permitted with traditional fishing gears, (3) a neighbouring fishing area (<20 km), and (4) a fishing area off a neighbouring island. Two randomly selected sites were sampled within each management category and MR in October and March 2004. Univariate tests provided evidence of a moderate "reserve effect" for both MRs consistent through time. Differences in abundances and biomasses of each species among management categories were clearly species-specific and inconsistent between both MRs. Species of the genus Diplodus showed greater abundances and biomasses within protected locations compared to unprotected locations at El Hierro Island. Moreover, the four selected species showed greater abundances and biomasses in the locations surveyed at El Hierro Island compared to unprotected locations at the neighbouring island. In contrast, S. cretense appeared to be the only species that benefited from protection in the Chinijo MR. Differences in the sizes of the MRs, the fishing effort around the MRs and the effectiveness of the enforcement withing each MR, appeared to be possible explanations for the patterns observed.

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How to Cite
Tuya, F., García-Diez, C., Espino, F., & Haroun, R. (2006). Assessment of the effectiveness of two marine reserves in the Canary Islands (eastern Atlantic). Ciencias Marinas, 32(3), 505–522. https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v32i3.1133
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Research Article

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