Efecto del sistema de recambio de agua en el desarrollo, supervivencia y rendimiento del cultivo de larvas de Argopecten purpuratus (Pectinidae, Mollusca)
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El cultivo de conchas de abanico en las costas de Perú y Chile está en constante expansión, lo que ha llevado a un aumento en la producción de larvas y en la necesidad de mejorar la eficiencia para aumentar la productividad del sector. Este estudio se centró en investigar cómo el sistema de recambio de agua afecta el desarrollo, supervivencia y rendimiento del cultivo de larvas de Argopecten purpuratus. Se establecieron 3 sistemas de recambio estático de agua (T1 [recambio cada 12 h], T2 [recambio cada 24 h] y T3 [recambio cada 48 h]) y 2 sistemas de recirculación (RAS 1 y RAS 2), con 3 réplicas por tratamiento. El alimento suministrado consistió en una mezcla de las microalgas Isochrysis galbana, Diacronema lutheri, Chaetoceros calcitrans, Chaetoceros gracilis y Nannochloropsis sp. a una concentración de 5 × 104 célula·mL–1·d–1. Los resultados mostraron que la supervivencia fue mayor en T1 (80.49%) en comparación con T2 (68.49%) o T3 (67.17%); se observó menor supervivencia en RAS 2 (52.94%) y RAS 1 (6.34%). Además, T1 demostró un crecimiento significativamente mayor (longitud: 192.2 ± 9.03 µm; tasa de crecimiento: 3.7 µm·d–1) que el de T2 o T3. Aunque RAS 1 fue descartado debido a una alta mortalidad, RAS 2 tuvo un rendimiento similar a T1 en cuanto al crecimiento de las larvas. Considerando los aspectos comerciales y la eficiencia energética, T2 y T3 mostraron los resultados más favorables en términos de la supervivencia y el crecimiento de las larvas.
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