Rates and socioecological drivers of mangrove forest cover loss in Honduras: a systematic review
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In Honduras, mangrove forests have experienced considerable decline, and to date, there is no synthesis addressing forest cover loss at the national level and its drivers. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to conduct a systematic review to analyze forest cover loss in Honduran mangroves and the socioecological drivers that have influenced it over time. The literature review revealed that a total of 68,766.34 ha of mangrove forest cover were lost between 1965 and 2024. The areas most affected by deforestation were the Pacific coast of Honduras (PCH), with a loss of 54,409.75 ha and an annual rate of 1.51%, followed by the Atlantic coast of Honduras (ACH), particularly the departments of Cortés (loss: 1,377.83 ha; annual rate: 2.62%) and Gracias a Dios (loss: 10,260.23 ha; annual rate: 1.39%). Aquaculture and agriculture emerged as the main drivers, especially in the PCH (Gulf of Fonseca). On the other hand, urban development and industrialization played a predominant role in the ACH. Furthermore, the effects of climate change, particularly sea level rise, emerged as key drivers resulting in considerable mangrove losses in Cortés. The findings of this review highlight the importance of investigating national and regional variations in mangrove loss in Honduras and its underlying causes. With this information, more effective conservation measures tailored to the specific circumstances of each area can be designed to safeguard the sustainability of these valuable ecosystems.
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