Comparación de la riqueza y abundancia de peces arrecifales criptobentónicos en microhábitats coralinos y rocosos en Bahía de los Ángeles, Golfo de California
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Los ecosistemas rocosos-coralinos poseen hábitats altamente heterogéneos y comunidades de peces funcionalmente diversas. En estos ecosistemas, los microhábitats coralinos juegan un papel importante al proporcionar un subconjunto de los recursos disponibles a la criptofauna, entre los que destacan los peces arrecifales criptobentónicos (PACB) por su alta abundancia y diversidad. Este grupo íctico, que mide menos de 5 cm de longitud en su etapa adulta, presenta un camuflaje visual y conductual altamente especializado, lo que a menudo resulta en su subrepresentación en los estudios. Debido a la escasez de estudios y la alta complejidad taxonómica de los PACB, exploramos la asociación entre los PACB y el coral masivo Porites panamensis en Bahía de los Ángeles, Golfo de California, y el sustrato rocoso. Hipotetizamos que la densidad de PACB será mayor en microhábitats coralinos debido a que estos microhábitats son tridimensionalmente más complejos. Se realizaron 2 muestreos extractivos en marzo y octubre de 2022 (n = 16). En total, se recolectaron 238 individuos de 14 especies de peces pertenecientes a 5 familias; el 76.62% de la abundancia total estuvo representada por 5 especies, y las familias Gobiidae, Tripterygiidae y Chaenopsidae fueron las mejor representadas. La densidad promedio de PACB en los microhábitats de P. panamensis fue 2 veces mayor que en los microhábitats rocosos (W = 46.5, P = 0.036). Además, la estructura y composición del ensamblaje de PACB fue diferente entre los microhábitats (Pseudo-F = 4.41, P = 0.004). Los resultados demuestran la importancia de P. panamensis como microhábitat y su influencia en la configuración bentónica de los PACB. Ante el creciente deterioro de la cobertura coralina y la pérdida de la complejidad estructural del hábitat, los resultados de este estudio son cruciales para entender los cambios a largo plazo en la criptofauna.
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